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Language: en

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I<00:00:01.820><c> kind</c><00:00:02.820><c> of</c><00:00:02.879><c> think</c><00:00:03.000><c> of</c><00:00:03.149><c> a</c><00:00:03.240><c> geologic</c><00:00:03.689><c> map</c><00:00:03.720><c> as</c>

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I kind of think of a geologic map as
 

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I kind of think of a geologic map as
being<00:00:04.319><c> like</c><00:00:04.500><c> a</c><00:00:04.529><c> weather</c><00:00:05.520><c> forecast</c><00:00:06.270><c> for</c><00:00:06.540><c> the</c>

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being like a weather forecast for the
 

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being like a weather forecast for the
land<00:00:06.810><c> an</c><00:00:07.020><c> effort</c><00:00:07.350><c> to</c><00:00:07.529><c> provide</c><00:00:07.830><c> detailed</c>

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land an effort to provide detailed
 

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land an effort to provide detailed
geologic<00:00:09.269><c> maps</c><00:00:09.480><c> to</c><00:00:09.690><c> the</c><00:00:09.809><c> public</c><00:00:10.200><c> and</c><00:00:10.380><c> other</c>

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geologic maps to the public and other
 

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geologic maps to the public and other
customers<00:00:11.130><c> is</c><00:00:11.340><c> underway</c><00:00:12.030><c> at</c><00:00:12.269><c> the</c><00:00:12.389><c> Virginia</c>

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customers is underway at the Virginia
 

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customers is underway at the Virginia
Department<00:00:12.900><c> of</c><00:00:13.349><c> Mines</c><00:00:13.620><c> minerals</c><00:00:14.280><c> and</c><00:00:14.519><c> energy</c>

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it<00:00:18.630><c> starts</c><00:00:19.170><c> out</c><00:00:19.380><c> here</c><00:00:20.070><c> I</c><00:00:20.310><c> look</c><00:00:20.789><c> for</c><00:00:21.150><c> steep</c>

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it starts out here I look for steep
 

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it starts out here I look for steep
places<00:00:22.109><c> on</c><00:00:22.439><c> the</c><00:00:22.529><c> topographic</c><00:00:23.220><c> map</c><00:00:23.460><c> where</c><00:00:23.730><c> the</c>

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places on the topographic map where the
 

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places on the topographic map where the
contour<00:00:24.390><c> lines</c><00:00:24.570><c> are</c><00:00:24.720><c> close</c><00:00:24.900><c> together</c>

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contour lines are close together
 

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contour lines are close together
typically<00:00:26.460><c> rocks</c><00:00:26.789><c> will</c><00:00:27.180><c> present</c><00:00:28.050><c> themselves</c>

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typically rocks will present themselves
 

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typically rocks will present themselves
with<00:00:28.560><c> the</c><00:00:28.740><c> surface</c><00:00:29.220><c> along</c><00:00:30.029><c> a</c><00:00:30.060><c> road</c><00:00:30.420><c> cut</c><00:00:30.750><c> or</c><00:00:31.050><c> a</c>

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with the surface along a road cut or a
 

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with the surface along a road cut or a
creek<00:00:32.250><c> or</c><00:00:32.520><c> a</c><00:00:32.759><c> steep</c><00:00:33.510><c> hill</c><00:00:33.719><c> slide</c><00:00:34.130><c> DMM</c><00:00:35.130><c> a</c>

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creek or a steep hill slide DMM a
 

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creek or a steep hill slide DMM a
geologist<00:00:36.000><c> laurie</c><00:00:36.239><c> coiner</c><00:00:36.719><c> starts</c><00:00:37.200><c> every</c><00:00:37.590><c> map</c>

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geologist laurie coiner starts every map
 

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geologist laurie coiner starts every map
in<00:00:37.920><c> the</c><00:00:38.010><c> field</c><00:00:38.280><c> she</c><00:00:38.489><c> looks</c><00:00:38.790><c> for</c><00:00:39.000><c> exposed</c><00:00:39.390><c> rock</c>

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in the field she looks for exposed rock
 

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in the field she looks for exposed rock
to<00:00:39.989><c> begin</c><00:00:40.290><c> her</c><00:00:40.440><c> assessment</c><00:00:41.129><c> of</c><00:00:41.430><c> what's</c>

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to begin her assessment of what's
 

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to begin her assessment of what's
beneath<00:00:42.329><c> the</c><00:00:42.540><c> earth's</c><00:00:42.690><c> surface</c><00:00:42.870><c> but</c><00:00:43.680><c> this</c><00:00:44.219><c> is</c>

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beneath the earth's surface but this is
 

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beneath the earth's surface but this is
just<00:00:44.640><c> like</c><00:00:44.789><c> reading</c><00:00:45.030><c> a</c><00:00:45.210><c> book</c><00:00:45.239><c> and</c><00:00:45.690><c> each</c><00:00:46.680><c> of</c><00:00:46.920><c> the</c>

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just like reading a book and each of the
 

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just like reading a book and each of the
fossils<00:00:47.550><c> is</c><00:00:47.969><c> a</c><00:00:48.030><c> word</c><00:00:48.450><c> each</c><00:00:48.930><c> of</c><00:00:49.110><c> the</c><00:00:49.200><c> layers</c><00:00:49.469><c> are</c>

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fossils is a word each of the layers are
 

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fossils is a word each of the layers are
sentences<00:00:50.579><c> the</c><00:00:51.149><c> overall</c><00:00:52.219><c> formation</c><00:00:53.219><c> or</c><00:00:53.430><c> this</c>

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sentences the overall formation or this
 

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sentences the overall formation or this
rock<00:00:53.940><c> over</c><00:00:54.270><c> there</c>

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rock over there
 

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rock over there
and<00:00:55.410><c> all</c><00:00:55.620><c> the</c><00:00:55.739><c> way</c><00:00:55.860><c> down</c><00:00:55.890><c> the</c><00:00:56.219><c> road</c><00:00:56.460><c> is</c><00:00:56.760><c> mix</c><00:00:57.750><c> up</c>

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and all the way down the road is mix up
 

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and all the way down the road is mix up
the<00:00:58.079><c> book</c><00:00:58.320><c> the</c><00:00:58.980><c> each</c><00:00:59.340><c> each</c><00:00:59.879><c> layer</c><00:01:00.390><c> on</c><00:01:00.660><c> the</c>

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the book the each each layer on the
 

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the book the each each layer on the
earth<00:01:00.960><c> is</c><00:01:01.170><c> another</c><00:01:01.500><c> page</c><00:01:01.829><c> each</c><00:01:02.340><c> chapter</c><00:01:02.910><c> is</c>

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earth is another page each chapter is
 

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earth is another page each chapter is
another<00:01:03.329><c> area</c><00:01:03.660><c> and</c><00:01:03.960><c> time</c><00:01:04.199><c> once</c><00:01:05.159><c> the</c><00:01:05.339><c> rock</c><00:01:05.549><c> type</c>

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another area and time once the rock type
 

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another area and time once the rock type
is<00:01:06.000><c> identified</c><00:01:06.689><c> it</c><00:01:07.409><c> is</c><00:01:07.710><c> assigned</c><00:01:08.189><c> a</c><00:01:08.460><c> color</c><00:01:08.700><c> and</c>

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is identified it is assigned a color and
 

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is identified it is assigned a color and
a<00:01:09.150><c> symbol</c><00:01:09.630><c> that</c><00:01:09.659><c> shows</c><00:01:10.080><c> how</c><00:01:10.260><c> rock</c><00:01:10.530><c> layers</c><00:01:10.860><c> are</c>

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a symbol that shows how rock layers are
 

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a symbol that shows how rock layers are
aligned<00:01:11.580><c> and</c><00:01:12.060><c> the</c><00:01:12.210><c> symbol</c><00:01:12.540><c> represents</c><00:01:13.140><c> the</c>

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aligned and the symbol represents the
 

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aligned and the symbol represents the
engineering<00:01:14.970><c> side</c><00:01:15.270><c> of</c><00:01:15.299><c> the</c><00:01:15.720><c> rock</c><00:01:16.790><c> the</c><00:01:17.790><c> tilt</c>

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engineering side of the rock the tilt
 

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engineering side of the rock the tilt
pointer<00:01:18.810><c> is</c><00:01:18.930><c> helping</c><00:01:19.320><c> to</c><00:01:19.380><c> develop</c><00:01:19.680><c> detailed</c>

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pointer is helping to develop detailed
 

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pointer is helping to develop detailed
maps<00:01:20.880><c> of</c><00:01:21.090><c> areas</c><00:01:21.540><c> along</c><00:01:21.869><c> the</c><00:01:21.900><c> interstate</c><00:01:22.530><c> 81</c>

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maps of areas along the interstate 81
 

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maps of areas along the interstate 81
corridor<00:01:23.540><c> d</c><00:01:24.540><c> Mme</c><00:01:24.960><c> is</c><00:01:25.110><c> also</c><00:01:25.439><c> doing</c><00:01:25.740><c> similar</c>

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corridor d Mme is also doing similar
 

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corridor d Mme is also doing similar
work<00:01:26.189><c> in</c><00:01:26.520><c> the</c><00:01:26.580><c> Richmond</c><00:01:27.060><c> metro</c><00:01:27.509><c> area</c><00:01:27.900><c> we</c><00:01:28.229><c> only</c>

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work in the Richmond metro area we only
 

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work in the Richmond metro area we only
have<00:01:28.619><c> detailed</c><00:01:29.009><c> geologic</c><00:01:29.520><c> maps</c><00:01:29.700><c> for</c><00:01:29.909><c> about</c><00:01:30.180><c> 30</c>

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have detailed geologic maps for about 30
 

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have detailed geologic maps for about 30
percent<00:01:31.020><c> of</c><00:01:31.350><c> Virginia</c><00:01:31.799><c> so</c><00:01:31.979><c> that</c><00:01:32.100><c> means</c><00:01:32.310><c> that</c>

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percent of Virginia so that means that
 

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percent of Virginia so that means that
70<00:01:32.850><c> percent</c><00:01:32.880><c> of</c><00:01:33.180><c> Virginia</c><00:01:33.570><c> is</c><00:01:33.659><c> still</c>

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70 percent of Virginia is still
 

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70 percent of Virginia is still
unmatched<00:01:34.259><c> in</c><00:01:34.530><c> detail</c><00:01:35.430><c> the</c><00:01:35.820><c> idea</c><00:01:36.270><c> is</c><00:01:36.600><c> to</c><00:01:36.840><c> stay</c>

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unmatched in detail the idea is to stay
 

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unmatched in detail the idea is to stay
ahead<00:01:37.170><c> of</c><00:01:37.500><c> development</c><00:01:38.100><c> so</c><00:01:38.130><c> customers</c><00:01:38.759><c> can</c>

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ahead of development so customers can
 

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ahead of development so customers can
have<00:01:38.970><c> the</c><00:01:39.090><c> best</c><00:01:39.420><c> available</c><00:01:39.780><c> information</c><00:01:40.460><c> land</c>

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have the best available information land
 

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have the best available information land
developers<00:01:42.030><c> can</c><00:01:42.270><c> use</c><00:01:42.450><c> these</c><00:01:42.630><c> maps</c><00:01:42.930><c> when</c>

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developers can use these maps when
 

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developers can use these maps when
planning<00:01:43.979><c> we're</c><00:01:44.159><c> building</c><00:01:44.790><c> a</c><00:01:44.909><c> bridge</c><00:01:45.240><c> or</c><00:01:45.630><c> a</c>

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planning we're building a bridge or a
 

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planning we're building a bridge or a
well<00:01:45.960><c> should</c><00:01:46.320><c> go</c><00:01:46.560><c> home</c><00:01:47.340><c> owners</c><00:01:47.700><c> can</c><00:01:47.729><c> see</c><00:01:48.119><c> where</c>

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well should go home owners can see where
 

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well should go home owners can see where
sinkholes<00:01:48.899><c> might</c><00:01:49.200><c> exist</c><00:01:49.619><c> or</c><00:01:50.100><c> where</c><00:01:50.369><c> land</c><00:01:50.670><c> is</c>

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sinkholes might exist or where land is
 

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sinkholes might exist or where land is
more<00:01:51.119><c> likely</c><00:01:51.600><c> to</c><00:01:51.630><c> slide</c><00:01:52.049><c> and</c><00:01:52.579><c> mining</c>

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more likely to slide and mining
 

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more likely to slide and mining
companies<00:01:53.610><c> will</c><00:01:54.240><c> know</c><00:01:54.390><c> where</c><00:01:54.659><c> commodities</c>

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companies will know where commodities
 

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companies will know where commodities
such<00:01:55.680><c> as</c><00:01:55.860><c> limestone</c><00:01:56.130><c> coal</c><00:01:56.939><c> and</c><00:01:57.299><c> natural</c><00:01:57.600><c> gas</c>

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such as limestone coal and natural gas
 

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such as limestone coal and natural gas
are<00:01:58.710><c> in</c><00:01:59.310><c> the</c><00:01:59.490><c> Commonwealth</c><00:02:00.149><c> the</c><00:02:00.960><c> Mme</c><00:02:01.290><c> is</c>

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are in the Commonwealth the Mme is
 

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are in the Commonwealth the Mme is
really<00:02:01.770><c> well</c><00:02:01.920><c> positioned</c><00:02:02.460><c> to</c><00:02:02.549><c> do</c><00:02:02.790><c> geologic</c>

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really well positioned to do geologic
 

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really well positioned to do geologic
mapping

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mapping
 

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mapping
and<00:02:04.070><c> we</c><00:02:04.850><c> we</c><00:02:05.539><c> have</c><00:02:05.780><c> a</c><00:02:05.810><c> group</c><00:02:06.380><c> of</c><00:02:06.530><c> geologists</c>

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and we we have a group of geologists
 

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and we we have a group of geologists
working<00:02:07.250><c> for</c><00:02:07.430><c> us</c><00:02:07.520><c> with</c><00:02:07.789><c> a</c><00:02:07.820><c> lot</c><00:02:08.030><c> of</c><00:02:08.060><c> familiarity</c>

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working for us with a lot of familiarity
 

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working for us with a lot of familiarity
of<00:02:08.959><c> with</c><00:02:09.379><c> the</c><00:02:09.530><c> geology</c><00:02:09.800><c> across</c><00:02:10.399><c> Virginia</c><00:02:11.090><c> as</c><00:02:11.989><c> a</c>

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of with the geology across Virginia as a
 

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of with the geology across Virginia as a
state<00:02:12.379><c> agency</c><00:02:12.739><c> we're</c><00:02:13.190><c> really</c><00:02:13.459><c> interested</c><00:02:14.090><c> in</c>

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state agency we're really interested in
 

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state agency we're really interested in
putting<00:02:14.810><c> this</c><00:02:14.989><c> information</c><00:02:15.290><c> together</c><00:02:15.590><c> and</c>

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putting this information together and
 

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putting this information together and
what<00:02:16.550><c> starts</c><00:02:17.030><c> with</c><00:02:17.120><c> observations</c><00:02:18.110><c> in</c><00:02:18.230><c> the</c>

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what starts with observations in the
 

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what starts with observations in the
field<00:02:18.580><c> eventually</c><00:02:19.580><c> turns</c><00:02:19.879><c> into</c><00:02:20.090><c> a</c><00:02:20.180><c> map</c>

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field eventually turns into a map
 

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field eventually turns into a map
housing<00:02:21.410><c> everything</c><00:02:21.530><c> you</c><00:02:22.130><c> need</c><00:02:22.400><c> to</c><00:02:22.580><c> know</c>

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housing everything you need to know
 

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housing everything you need to know
about<00:02:23.030><c> what</c><00:02:23.510><c> is</c><00:02:23.660><c> beneath</c><00:02:24.019><c> the</c><00:02:24.170><c> ground</c><00:02:25.030><c> for</c>

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about what is beneath the ground for
 

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about what is beneath the ground for
more<00:02:26.180><c> information</c><00:02:26.720><c> on</c><00:02:26.810><c> geologic</c><00:02:27.530><c> mapping</c><00:02:27.800><c> in</c>

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more information on geologic mapping in
 

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more information on geologic mapping in
Virginia<00:02:28.670><c> visit</c><00:02:29.060><c> our</c><00:02:29.180><c> website</c><00:02:29.450><c> at</c><00:02:30.049><c> DMM</c><00:02:30.590><c> e</c><00:02:30.769><c> dot</c>

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Virginia visit our website at DMM e dot
 

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Virginia visit our website at DMM e dot
virginia.gov